Bhagavad Gita · Verse 1.28
Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishada Yoga (अर्जुनविषादयोगः)
(Arjuna spoke)
कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत् । दृष्ट्वेमं स्वजनं कृष्ण युयुत्सुं समुपस्थितम् ॥२८॥
kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo viṣīdannidamabravīt | dṛṣṭvemaṃ svajanaṃ kṛṣṇa yuyutsuṃ samupasthitam ||28||
Complete Shloka Translation
Overcome by deep compassion and grieving, he spoke: Krishna, seeing these relatives gathered here, eager to fight...
Word-by-Word Translation (Padartha / Anvaya)
| Sanskrit Term (पद) | IAST Roman | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| कृपया | kṛpayā | by overwhelming pity / empathy |
| परया | parayā | supreme / boundless |
| आविष्टः | āviṣṭaḥ | gripped and overcome |
| विषीदन् | viṣīdan | grieving in despair |
| इदम् | idam | these words |
| अब्रवीत् | abravīt | spoke |
| दृष्ट्वा | dṛṣṭvā | seeing |
| इमम् | imam | this |
| स्वजनम् | svajanam | own kinsmen / family |
| कृष्ण | kṛṣṇa | O Krishna |
| युयुत्सुम् | yuyutsum | intent on killing each other in war |
| समुपस्थितम् | samupasthitam | assembled right before my eyes |
by overwhelming pity / empathy
supreme / boundless
gripped and overcome
grieving in despair
these words
spoke
seeing
this
own kinsmen / family
O Krishna
intent on killing each other in war
assembled right before my eyes
Detailed Commentary & Meaningful Thoughts
The opening describes Arjuna from the narrator's perspective; the address to Krishna begins his own speech. In the supplied numbering, that speech continues into the bodily effects in verse 1.29, so the translation deliberately preserves an unfinished clause.
Philosophical Reflection & Self-Inquiry
"The sight of his relatives awakens compassion and begins to unsettle Arjuna's resolve."
Inquiry Question to Ponder:
What is my compassion asking me to understand more deeply?
Modern Life Implementation (Practical Real-Life Application)
Somatic Manifestation of Stress and Panic: Arjuna's physical body breaks down — shivering, parched mouth. Modern neuroscience confirms that severe moral and existential dilemmas trigger acute fight-or-flight panic responses. Recognizing stress physically is step one to healing.