Bhagavad Gita · Verse 1.12
Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishada Yoga (अर्जुनविषादयोगः)
(Sanjaya said)
तस्य सञ्जनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः । सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥१२॥
tasya sañjanayanharṣaṃ kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ | siṃhanādaṃ vinadyoccaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ dadhmau pratāpavān ||12||
Complete Shloka Translation
Then the valiant grandsire Bhishma, eldest of the Kurus, gave a loud lion-like roar and blew his conch, bringing joy to Duryodhana.
Word-by-Word Translation (Padartha / Anvaya)
| Sanskrit Term (पद) | IAST Roman | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| तस्य | tasya | of Duryodhana |
| सञ्जनयन् | sañjanayan | arousing / generating |
| हर्षम् | harṣam | joy and martial confidence |
| कुरुवृद्धः | kuru-vṛddhaḥ | the grand patriarch of the Kurus |
| पितामहः | pitāmahaḥ | Grandfather Bhishma |
| सिंहनादम् | siṃha-nādam | a roaring shout like a lion |
| विनद्य | vinadya | resounding / roaring loudly |
| उच्चैः | uccaiḥ | with tremendous pitch |
| शङ्खम् | śaṅkham | conch shell |
| दध्मौ | dadhmau | blew powerfully |
| प्रतापवान् | pratāpavān | the valiant and glorious hero |
of Duryodhana
arousing / generating
joy and martial confidence
the grand patriarch of the Kurus
Grandfather Bhishma
a roaring shout like a lion
resounding / roaring loudly
with tremendous pitch
conch shell
blew powerfully
the valiant and glorious hero
Detailed Commentary & Meaningful Thoughts
Sanjaya resumes narration after Duryodhana's speech. The conch announces martial readiness and changes the scene from spoken assessment to the sounds of the armies.
Philosophical Reflection & Self-Inquiry
"Bhishma answers the moment with a signal that lifts Duryodhana's spirits."
Inquiry Question to Ponder:
How do my signals affect the confidence of people around me?
Modern Life Implementation (Practical Real-Life Application)
Empathy in Leadership to Boost Sinking Morale: Bhishma senses Duryodhana’s unspoken anxiety and roars with his conch to re-energize him. Great leaders sense emotional distress in subordinates and step in with decisive, compassionate encouragement.