Bhagavad Gita · Verse 1.17
Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishada Yoga (अर्जुनविषादयोगः)
(Sanjaya said)
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः । धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥१७॥
kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ | dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ ||17||
Complete Shloka Translation
The king of Kashi, a supreme archer, Shikhandi the great chariot-warrior, Dhrishtadyumna, Virata, and the undefeated Satyaki also joined them.
Word-by-Word Translation (Padartha / Anvaya)
| Sanskrit Term (पद) | IAST Roman | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| काश्यः | kāśyaḥ | the King of Kashi |
| च | ca | and |
| परमेष्वासः | parameṣvāsaḥ | wielder of the supreme bow |
| शिखण्डी | śikhaṇḍī | prince Shikhandi |
| च | ca | and |
| महारथः | mahā-rathaḥ | the great chariot hero |
| धृष्टद्युम्नः | dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ | supreme commander Dhrishtadyumna |
| विराटः | virāṭaḥ | King Virata |
| च | ca | and |
| सात्यकिः | sātyakiḥ | Satyaki (Yuyudhana) |
| च | ca | and |
| अपराजितः | aparājitaḥ | never defeated in battle |
the King of Kashi
and
wielder of the supreme bow
prince Shikhandi
and
the great chariot hero
supreme commander Dhrishtadyumna
King Virata
and
Satyaki (Yuyudhana)
and
never defeated in battle
Detailed Commentary & Meaningful Thoughts
This sentence continues into the next verse, where the action of blowing conches is completed. Reading the two together avoids supplying an unrelated action or treating this roster as an isolated teaching.
Philosophical Reflection & Self-Inquiry
"The Pandava allies are brought into the account of the answering conches."
Inquiry Question to Ponder:
Whose contribution deserves to be named rather than overlooked?
Modern Life Implementation (Practical Real-Life Application)
Valuing Contributions Across All Tiers: From the King of Kashi to Shikhandi, diverse leaders contribute their sound. Never disregard auxiliary roles; every team member's voice contributes to the collective impact.