Bhagavad Gita · Verse 2.1
Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga (सांख्ययोगः)
(Sanjaya said)
तं तथा कृपयाविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम् । विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः ॥१॥
taṃ tathā kṛpayāviṣṭamaśrupūrṇākulekṣaṇam | viṣīdantamidaṃ vākyamuvāca madhusūdanaḥ ||1||
Complete Shloka Translation
Sanjaya said: Seeing Arjuna overwhelmed by compassion, his eyes troubled and filled with tears, and grieving, Madhusudana spoke these words.
Word-by-Word Translation (Padartha / Anvaya)
| Sanskrit Term (पद) | IAST Roman | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| तम् | tam | unto him (Arjuna) |
| तथा | tathā | in that condition |
| कृपयाविष्टम् | kṛpayāviṣṭam | overwhelmed with compassion |
| अश्रु-पूर्ण-आकुल-ईक्षणम् | aśru-pūrṇa-ākula-īkṣaṇam | eyes filled with tears and agitated |
| विषीदन्तम् | viṣīdantam | grieving / lamenting |
| इदम् | idam | these |
| वाक्यम् | vākyam | words / speech |
| उवाच | uvāca | spoke |
| मधुसूदनः | madhusūdanaḥ | Lord Krishna (slayer of the demon Madhu) |
unto him (Arjuna)
in that condition
overwhelmed with compassion
eyes filled with tears and agitated
grieving / lamenting
these
words / speech
spoke
Lord Krishna (slayer of the demon Madhu)
Detailed Commentary & Meaningful Thoughts
Sanjaya continues the battlefield narrative. Compassion and confusion coexist in Arjuna; Krishna's response will examine the understanding behind his sorrow.
Philosophical Reflection & Self-Inquiry
"The teaching begins with Arjuna's distress, rather than an abstract question."
Inquiry Question to Ponder:
When do compassion and confusion become difficult to distinguish?
Modern Life Implementation (Practical Real-Life Application)
Apply this verse when facing identity crisis or fear of failure: distinguish the unchanging inner self from transient life situations, and act with full dedication without anxiety over the final outcome.